The science studying wave oscillations in the Sun is called helioseismology. One can view the physical processes involved, in the same way that seismologists learn about the Earth's interior by monitoring waves caused by earthquakes. Temperature, composition, and motions deep in the Sun influence the oscillation periods and yield insights into conditions in the solar interior.
Accoustic
Imaging of the BACKSIDE of the Sun
SOI Helioseismology
Overview
Solar 3D Power
Spectrum
Time-Distance Helioseismology
Measurements of Frequencies of Solar
Oscillations from the MDI Medium-l Program (PDF)
E. J. Rhodes Jr., A. G. Kosovichev, J. Schou, P. H. Scherrer,
and J. Reiter,
SoPh, v. 175, Issue 2, p. 287-310,
NASA ADS Astronomy Abstract Service link
Page last revised on July 14, 2003.